suggested citation: M. Hernández Ramos, La Convenzione quadro del Consiglio d’Europa sull’Intelligenza Artificiale e i Diritti Umani, la Democrazia e lo Stato di Diritto. Il primo trattato internazionale in materia, lceonline (www.lceonline.eu), 3/2025, I/Saggi e contributi, p. 31 ss.
key words: artificial intelligence, human rights, democracy, rule of law, Framework Convention, Council of Europe
abstract: On 5 September 2025, in Vilnius, Lithuania, the Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law, the first legally binding international treaty on the subject, was opened for signature. Its universal scope, evidenced by the participation in its drafting and negotiation of non-European countries that have already signed it, such as the United States of America, Canada, Japan, and Uruguay, establishes legal principles and essential obligations that ensure that the activities of AI systems are fully compatible with human rights, democracy, and the rule of law. Fundamental legal principles such as human dignity, individual autonomy, equality and non-discrimination, privacy and data protection, together with more technical principles such as transparency, oversight, reliability and safe innovation, as well as the recognition of procedural remedies and safeguards, form the legal framework that the signatory parties must implement and develop in their national legal systems, which is difficult to disagree with. Along with its universal vocation, the Framework Convention was conceived as a standard that should be complemented by other standards on the subject. At the European level, the European Union’s AI Regulation stands out, with which it has an undeniable complementary relationship.
